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The ancient and historic city of Rome, Italy, showing the dome of the Pantheon on the left, the Monument of Victor Emanuel II in the left background, and various other church domes.
The Castel Sant'Angelo along the Tiber River in Rome, Italy, is also known as the Mausoleum of Hadrian. The Roman emperor built it as a tomb for himself and his family around A.D. 135. Succeeding emperors were also entombed there. The structure has since served as a fortress, a castle, and a museum.
The Colosseum in Rome, Italy was first used in A.D. 80. and it held 50,000 spectators. The name "Colosseum" was introduced in medieval times and referred to a giant statue of Nero that stood nearby. The arena was a wooden floor covered with sand, with rooms and passageways underneath for performers, sets, and animals and it could be flooded to recreate sea battles. Spectator seating was divided into three sections: ordinary people sat in the upper level, the better-off in the middle sections, and the elite in the lower level.
The Spanish Steps in the Plaza di Spagna in Rome, Italy. The steps were built with a legacy from France in 1725 and lead to a French church, the Trinita del Monti.
The Pantheon in the Plaza della Rotonda in Rome, Italy, dating from about A.D. 126 when the Emperor Hadrian rebuilt it over Marcus Agrippa's original temple dating from 27 B.C. The name comes from the Greek words "pan" (all) and "theos" (god). The Pantheon has been a Christian church since about 608.
Trajan's Column, a triumphal column in Rome, Italy, commemorates Roman Emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars (A.D. 101-102, 105-106).
The obelisk in the Plaza Navona in Rome, Italy, was created in Aswan, Egypt, in the 1st century A.D. at the request of Emperor Domitian and formerly stood in the Circus Maximus. The Fountain of Four Rivers (Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi) surrounds the obelisk and was added by Gian Lorenzo Bernini in 1651. The fountain's four river gods represent the four continents under papal authority.
The Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy, designed by Nicola Salvi in 1732. It depicts Neptune's chariot being led by Tritons with sea horses -- one wild and one docile -- representing the varying moods of the sea.
The Arch of Septimius Severus, located in the Forum in Rome, Italy, is a triumphal arch built by the Emperor Septimius Severus to commemorate his victory over the Parthian Empire. Completed in A.D. 203, the monument is almost 21 meters high, over 23 meters wide, and faced with white marble.
A nighttime view of Trajan's Market in Rome, Italy. Now a complex of ruins, it was built in A.D. 100-110. Its upper floor was filled with offices, and a road divided it from the lower floor, which held shops.
One of the allegorical statues at the foot of the Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II (National Monument of Victor Emmanuel II) in Rome, Italy. Victor Emmanuel was the first king of a unified Italy, ruling from 1861-1878.
The Altare della Patria (Altar of the Fatherland) in Rome honors the first King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel II. Designed by Giuseppe Sacconi, the monument was built between 1895 and 1911 and contains a museum dedicated to the history of the unification of Italy, as well as a Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
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